Permanent record
Penn Wharton estimated $27–28 billion for 32 days and projected $38–47 billion over two months
- Event date
- Category
- War costs
- Posture:
- Independent estimate and conditional projection
PWBM estimated $27–28 billion in direct federal spending through the first 32 days. It projected $38–47 billion in direct costs if fighting continued through April and separately identified about $5 billion in indirect costs. The latter figures were conditional projections, not observed totals, and should not be silently combined.
Dated sources
- — Penn Wharton Budget Model (Independent budget-model estimate)
Correction status
No substantive correction recorded for this version.
Canonical citation
Penn Wharton estimated $27–28 billion for 32 days and projected $38–47 billion over two months. Donaldtrumpler.com. https://donaldtrumpler.com/records/2026-04-01-pwbm-epic-fury-cost-estimate/
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